|Posted on: 2007-03-08|
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 一群特殊的人

绵延纵深的落基山脉是他的家园,苍天为被,大地作床。骑在马背上的美国牛仔是生活在广袤西部的先行者。他们出生的时候肤色往往是白色的,在炎热阳光,风霜雪雨的自然作用下,他们变得黝黑黝黑的,不过很少有人会介意。他们几乎不会读书写作-这些并不重要!他们要求的素质与众不同:

“He had to know something about cow psychology I mean, know what a cow’s idea are. I won’t say what her thoughts are, because she didn’t have any more thoughts than the average man has, but she has instincts. Now, a cowman didn’t have to own cattle, but he had to know cattle!”

牛仔喜欢牛群的哞叫,他们吹着口哨,牛群就乖乖地跟随,牛群牛仔结伴行在辽阔的大草原上。如果你在那样的季节来到这里,你将会看到:牛群悠闲地吃着草,身后踏出一条热气腾腾,灰尘密布的道路。无论是在炽热的夏天还是刺骨的冬季,一年中的任何一个季节,晒的黝黑的牛仔带着大毡帽,跨上奔驰的骏马穿梭在牛群中间,好似其中的一员,他们吆喝着,高喊着,引导着牛群。这就是牛仔忙碌的工作,驱赶着牛群奔向不确定的未来。牛仔是一群特殊的人。

 牛仔的工作

牛仔真实的工作是何景象?其实在19世纪的美国,这是最艰苦、最肮脏、最疲累、报酬最少的工作之一。牛仔每周七天,每天有18个小时都呆在马背上。有时,他们春天驱赶牛群(cattle drive) 到秋天才能赶到市场交易。他们的“疆土”那时候被称为“牛群的国度”:

The cattle country was thinly inhabited, and those who read about it were not of it. To them it was a far-off country that was still near and real, in which strange men, the most daring of their own kind, rode into adventures every day and whose very occupation itself was an adventure.

这是美国最知名的西部历史学家之一Dr. Walter Prescott Webb 在他的著作The Great Plains 描述的牛群的国度。大草原真的很巨大,占地330万平方英里。这片土地上的天空一碧万里,你骑在马上,极目远眺,看不到任何一处障碍或者一颗树。对于牛仔来说这里的生活是挑战,却也把他们打磨成真正的男儿。

唯一的麻烦是,牛群放养在南部,而交易市场在北部,集镇诸如Abilene, Dodge City and Wichita. (cow towns: towns or cities that served as market centers or shipping points for cattle. The three cities mentioned are all in Kansas, in the center of the US.) 牛群只能缓缓地赶到那里,因此它们必须保持壮硕。这也是牛仔必须知道的要紧事儿之一,虽然他们没受过什么教育,但他们对牛群却了如指掌。

牛仔要尽力保护牛群。很多时候他们都得直面恶劣的气候,草原上没有树木可供挡风蔽雨;而且不少牛仔根本就没有雨衣等物品。雨过天晴的时候,草原上往往是非常炎热的。一路的风尘让牛仔口干舌燥,远行多时也不见一滴水。他们还得在无休止的春雨中穿越危机四伏的流沙区和洪水肆虐的河道。

“There was always a problem crossing the herd. Most cowboys, in fact, I don’t think could swim, and it was up to the horse to get him through. And if the horse didn’t get him through, why, the cowboy generally couldn’t — many cowboys lost their lives.”

流沙、洪水也给牛群造成重大的损失,但牛仔的步伐只会向前,决不后退。

 如果选择从德克撒斯到远北的路线,流沙、洪水、尘土、炽热、暴雪这些危险都不算什么了,牛仔最担心的是北美野牛,它们具有超强的攻击性。除了马,牛仔的最好的朋友就是枪了。他们或带弹夹有六颗子弹的左轮手枪,称作“六弹射手”,或带来福枪-“赢得西部的武器”。不管什么枪,它是保护神,免受毒蛇、郊狼和强盗的威胁。

牛仔不会轻易开枪,怕浪费子弹,也不会轻易歌唱,怕弄坏吉他。但他们会开枪保护自己,会在孤独或思念梦中女孩时拿起吉他弹唱。牛仔一般都不会结婚,他们无法接受固定的生活—种田盖房。他们迷恋穿行在风尘仆仆,暴风骤雨的道路上。只有在夜深人静的时候,当头顶着漫天星星的夜空,牛仔才会放纵自己的孤独:盘坐在篝火旁边,他拿出心爱的吉他,唱起歌来献给远在天边的姑娘。这些歌曲现在已经成为美国精神遗产的一部分。

I struck the trail in ‘79

With the herd strung out behind me,

As I jogged along my mind ran back

To the girl I left behind me.

The sweet little girl,

That true little girl,

The girl I left behind me.

As I jogged along my mind ran back

To the girl I left behind me.

(To be continued)

source from Discover America

 

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1 Comment
虎翔 | 06/11/2007

我手头上刚好有这本Discover America的书,博主多发两张图片就好了

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